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Secondary Sources
Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Abun-Nasr discusses the people of the Maghrib under various rulers, especially under Islamic rule. His primary concern is how the Maghrib responded and reacted to each conqueror. He emphasizes the use of Arabic or Arabized names over European one’s.
Adshead, S.A.M. “Tamerlane and the Global Aresenal, 1370-1405”. Central Asia
in World History. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993.
Bennison, Amira K. Jihad and its interpretations in pre-colonial Morocco: state-
society relations during the French conquest of Algeria. New York: Routledge Curzon, 2002.
Bennison attempts to asses how Morocco became an independent state by looking back on the jihads/wars that led to independence. This book is broken into the different jihads in Algeria and Morocco. Historians of military conflict, Islam, North Africa, and nation-states would find this book insightful. Bennison includes a glossary of foreign terms near the end of this book.
Bourqia, Rahma and Susan Gilson Miller, eds. In the shadow of the sultan:
culture, power and politics in Morocco. Cambridge, Mass.: Distributed for the Center for Middle Eastern Studies of Harvard University by Harvard University Press, 1999.
In this book, Bourqia provides an overview of the three key factors of political theory according to ibn-Khaldun. He does this through the use of several scholarly essays that concentrate on one or more factor of Khaldun’s theory. This book would be especially useful for those in areas of political science and/or law ~ especially pertaining to Morocco.
Bowie, Fiona with Christopher Deacy, eds. The coming deliverer: millennial
themes in world religions. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1997.
Boyce, Mary. A history of Zoroastrianism. Leiden: Koln : E.J. Brill, 1975.
----------. Zoroastrians, their religious beliefs and practices. London: Boston:
Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1979.
Brann, Ross. Power in the portrayal: representations of Jews and Muslims in
eleventh- and twelfth-century Islamic Spain. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2002.
Buckler, F.W., M.A. Harunu’l-Rashid and Charles the Great. Cambridge, MA: The
Medieval Academy of America, 1931.
Cahen, Claude. Pre-Ottoman Turkey, A General Survey of the Material and
Spiritual Culture & History, c. 1071-1330. New York: Taplinger Publishing Co., 1968.
Clark, Peter. Zoroastrianism: an introduction to an ancient faith. Brighton
[England]: Portland, Or. : Sussex Academic Press, 1998.
Cooperson, Michael. Classical Arabic Biography: the Heirs of the Prophets in the
Age of al-Ma’mun. Cambridge [England]; New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Dawson, Miles Menander, 1863-1942. The ethical religion of Zoroaster; an
account of what Zoroaster taught, as perhaps the very oldest and surely the most accurate code of ethics for man, accompanied by the essentials of his religion. New York, AMS Press [1969].
Fagan, Brian M. Return to Babylon: Travelers, Archaeologists, and Monuments in
Mesopotamia, Revised. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado Press, 2007.
Fleischer, Cornell H. “Between the Lines: Realities of Scribal Life in the Sixteenth
Century”. Studies in Ottoman History in Honour of Professor V.L. Menage. Istanbul: Isis Press, 1994.
Geertz, Clifford. The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books, 2000.
Gilmore, David D. Aggression and community: paradoxes of Andalusian culture.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987.
In this book, Gilmore discusses the aggression within Andalusian society, especially in rural society. This book contains insight into social dilemmas within these rural areas of Andalusia. Historians of Spain, Andalusia, Islam, and the Caliphates would benefit from this book as would psychologists, social scientists, and behaviorists. There is a glossary of Spanish terms near the end of the book.
Goffman, Daniel. The Ottoman Empire and Early Modern Europe. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Golden, Peter B. “The World of the Steppes”. An Introduction to the History of
the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, 1992.
Griffith, Sidney Harrison. The Church in the Shadow of the Mosque: Christians
and Muslims in the World of Islam. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, c2008.
Gutas, Dmitri. Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco-Arabic Translation
Movement in Baghdad and Early Abbasid Society (2nd – 4th/8th – 10th centuries). London: Routledge, 1998.
Haaren, John H., LL.D. and A. B. Poland, Ph.D. Famous Men of the Middle Ages.
NY: American Book Company, 1904.
Hartz, Paula. Zoroastrianism. New York: Facts On File, 1999.
Hess, Andrew C. The forgotten frontier: a history of the sixteenth century Ibero-
African frontier. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978.
Hess brings to light an aspect of Arab history not much studied in past years. He includes an historical account of North Africa and Iberia during Islamic rule and the effect of this rule. This book is a good source for historians of the Ottoman Empire as well as those who study North Africa/Iberia in general. Educators may also find this book useful. Hess includes several genealogical tables exemplifying the importance of genealogy in Muslim society.
Huff, Toby E. The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China and the West.
Cambridge [England]; New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Jayyusi, Salma Khadra and Manuela Marin, eds. The legacy of Muslim Spain. New
York: E.J. Brill, 1992.
This is a study of Islamic civilization in Europe and North Africa. Jayyusi touches on the history, culture, religion, and society of Andalusia. Those interested in an all-encompassing history of Andalusia, art historians, philosophers, theologists, and linguists would find this book useful. Jayyusi includes biographies of the contributors near the end of the book allowing the reader insight into each contributor’s background.
Kennedy, Hugh (Hugh N.). Muslim Spain and Portugal: a political history of al-
Andalus. New York: Longman, 1996.
----------. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates, 2nd Edition. Harlow:
Edinburgh Gate, 2004.
This book is good for those who are interested in learning more about the Caliphates from the time of Muhammad through the Fatimid Dynasty. Kennedy is one of the leading scholars in this field. He incorporates maps, genealogical tables, and other important matter into this book to make it valuable in a broad range of studies within the arts and sciences.
----------. When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam’s
Greatest Dynasty. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2005.
This book is filled with information on the Abbasid Dynasty, which was located in the Baghdad region of Iraq. Again, there are several maps and genealogical tables within this book. Kennedy also includes photographs of various places and objects around Baghdad. This is a useful book for those who wish to further understand the rise and fall of the Abbasids.
----------. The Great Arab Conquests: How the Spread of Islam Changed the
World We Live In. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2007.
As the title suggests, this book is good at describing the Arab conquests. Kennedy discusses and describes the westward expansion of Islam from the Middle East through North Africa and into Southern Europe. This book is filled with maps and illustrations as well as some select photographs.
Lane, Edward William. Stanley Lane-Poole, ed. Arabian Society in the Middle
Ages: Studies from The Thousand and One Nights. NY: Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1971.
----------. The Thousand and One Nights, Vol. I. London: Routledge, Warne and
Routledge, 1865.
Lapidus, Ira M. A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1988.
This book is an impressive volume of Islamic history as a whole. Lapidus breaks this book up by region(s) and time period(s). Historians would find this book extremely useful as it is a concise history of varying Islamic societies and the world in which they grew and changed.
Laroui, Abdallah. L’histoire du Maghreb: un essai de synthèse. Paris: F Maspero,
1982.
Laroui delves into the history of the Maghrib, from a non-western viewpoint, in this book. He presents a history from its earliest conception up to and including colonialism in the Maghrib. The author’s preconception of western historians being ignorant and interested more in present/modern history may appear to be a bias within this book. Those who would find this source most useful are historians of the Maghrib area as well as those researching the Arab world.
Lassner, Jacob. The Shaping of Abbasid Rule. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press, c1980.
Leick, Gwendolyn. The Babylonians: An Introduction. London: Routledge, 2003.
Lerner, Frederick Andrew. The Story of Libraries: from the Invention of Writing to
the Computer Age. New York: Continuum, 1998.
Levy, David J. The measure of man: incursions in philosophical and political
anthropology. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1993.
Lewis, Bernard. The Arabs in History. Oxford; NY: Oxford University Press,
1993.
----------. The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2000 Years. NY:
Scribner, 2003.
Bernard Lewis covers many aspects of middle eastern history in this text. He gives a good overview of the region from times before Christianity to the present day. He includes illustrations, maps and a chronology of events. This text is one of many that Bernard Lewis has written on the Middle East. He is one of the leading authorities on middle eastern history.
Lewis, Bernard and Buntzie Ellis Churchill. Islam: the Religion and the
People. NJ: Pearson Education, Inc as Wharton Publishing School,
2009.
Lewis, David Levering. God’s Crucible: Islam and the Making of Europe, 570 –
1215. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 2008.
Lewis takes his reader on a journey through the spread of Islam into Europe. He uses illustrations and maps to emphasize his study. There is an extensive index, bibliography and glossary at the end of the book, which helps the reader understand some of the language within the book itself. This would be useful to those interested in learning more about the spread of Islam.
Lindner, Rudi. “The Tent of Osman, The House of Osman”. Nomads and
Ottomans in Medieval Anatolia. Bloomington: Research Institute for Inner Asisan Studies, Indiana University, 1983.
Lyons, Jonathan. The House of Wisdom: How the Arabs Transformed Western
Civilization. NY: Bloomsbury Press, 2009.
Maalouf, Amin. The Crusades Through Arab Eyes. London: al-Saqi Books, 1984.
Mahdi, Mahdi, ed. The Arabian Nights. trans. Husain Haddawy. NY: W.W. Norton
& Co., 1990.
Marshall, Robert. Selections from Storm from the East: From Genghis Khan to
Kublai Khan. Berkely: University of California Press, 1993.
McDougall, James, ed. Nation, society and culture in North Africa. Portland, OR:
Frank Cass, 2003.
McDougall brings together a multi-national perspective of the Maghrib, specifically Morocco. This book contains scholarly essays, crossing several disciplines, on the Maghrib. McDougall includes abstracts on each essay at the end of this book. He also includes some biographical information on each of the contributing authors.
Menocal, Maria Rosa. The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews and
Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 2002.
Menocal discusses the issues of the Umayyad Caliphate in Cordoba/Andalusia. She describes the strengths and weakness of this caliphate and how different religious persons managed to get along. She touches on the history of the Andalusian region and the architecture and development of vernacular that stemmed from the Umayyads.
Miller, Barnette. “The Curriculum”. The Palace School of Muhammad the
Conqueror. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1941.
Montgomery, Scott L. Science in Translation: Movements of Knowledge Through
Cultures and Time. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2000.
Munson, Henry. Religion and Power in Morocco. London: Yale University Press,
1993.
Munson attempts to weave religion and politics in this book showing how one can’t be without the other in the Arab world. He discusses various aspects of religious authority and its impact on politics in Morocco. He criticizes the ideas of Clifford Geertz in an attempt to bring another viewpoint to the table. The intended audience is historians and professors of religion and/or politics in Morocco. Munson lists his bibliographic sources in both western and Arabic languages.
Neusner, Jacob. Judaism, Christianity, and Zoroastrianism in talmudic Babylonia.
Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1986.
Nicholson, Reynold A., M.A. A Literary History of the Arabs. NY: Charles
Scribner’s Sons, 1907.
Nicol, Donald. “Constantine XI and Mehmed II: The Fall of Constantinople 1448-
1453”. The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 2nd ed. Cambridge (New York): Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Ochsenwald, William and Sydney Nettleton Fisher. The Middle East, A History, 6th
ed. New York: The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc., 2004.
Perthes, Volker, ed. Arab elites: negotiating the politics of change. Boulder:
Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004.
Perthes shows how Arab elites have changed through the years due to outside influences. This book contains several essays on the relation of politics in several Arab states and how it has changed since early days. The inability to include Iraq, due to war and datedness of Iraqi elites, is a potential weakness in capturing the whole of Arab society. The intended audience is those who study political science, especially in the Arab world.
Peters, Francis E. Aristotle and the Arabs: The Aristotelian Tradition. New York:
New York University Press, 1968.
Polk, William R. Understanding Iraq: The Whole Sweep of Iraqi History, from
Genghis Khan’s Mongols to the Ottoman Turks to the British Mandate to the American Occupation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., 2005.
This book is an overview of Iraqi history, touching on specific aspects of it’s history. Polk has broken the book into chapters by the type of “rule” Iraq was held under during each period of it’s history. Unlike most books, this book does not have maps or illustrations to aid the reader in visualizing what is being read.
Pormann, Peter E. and Emilie Savage-Smith. Medieval Islamic Medicine.
Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, c2007.
Quataert, Donald. The Ottoman Empire, 1700-1922. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2000.
Robinson, David. Muslim Societies in African History. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 2004.
This book is great for those interested in learning more about the Muslims in North Africa. The author includes maps and illustrations throughout the book. He also includes a glossary at the end to help the reader understand some of the vocabulary terms. At the end of each chapter, there is a “For Further Reading” section based on what was discussed in that chapter.
Rosenberg, David. Abraham, The First Historical Biography. New York: Basic
Books, 2006.
Rosenthal, Franz. Greek Philosophy in the Arab World: A Collection of Essays.
Aldershot Hants., Great Britain: Variorum Brookfield, VT, USA: Gower Publishing Co., c1990.
Safran, Janina M. The second Umayyad Caliphate: the articulation of caliphal
legitimacyin al-Andalus. Cambridge, Mass.: Distributed for the Center for Middle Eastern Studies of Harvard University by Harvard University Press, 2000.
This book is an historical account of the Umayyad Caliphate in Spain. Safran describes the Umayyads in Spain and how they viewed themselves, their authority, and legitimacy in Andalusia after being forced from their homeland by the Abbasids. Historians of Spain, Islam, and the caliphates would find this book interesting.
Saunders, J.J. “The Turkish Eruption”. A History of Medieval Islam. London:
Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965.
Scales, Peter C. The fall of the caliphate of Cordoba: Berbers and Andalusis in
conflict. Leiden [The Netherlands]: New York: E.J. Brill, 1994.
Scales discusses the years during which the Umayyad Caliphate fell apart. This book contains an historical look at the various disturbances in Andalusia that led to the ultimate fall of the Umayyads. Historians of military conflict, Islamic Spain, and North African Berbers would find this book useful. There are also maps and lineage charts near the end of the book.
Schroeter, Daniel J. The sultan's Jew: Morocco and the Sephardi world. Stanford,
Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2002.
Schroeter discusses one family of merchants in this book. He uses historical accounts/records found in an apartment in Paris to aid his research and writing. Historians and genealogists may find this book useful, especially those interested in Moroccan histories.
Shaban, M.A. The Abbasid Revolution. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge
University Press, 1970.
Singh, N.K. and M. Zaki Kirmani, Encylcopaedia of Islamic Science and
Scientists, New Delhi: Global Vision Publishing House, 2005.
Slyomovics, Susan, ed. The walled Arab city in literature, architecture and
history: the living Medina in the Maghrib. Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 2001.
Slyomovics shows how culture, especially non-Arab cultures, influenced and shaped Arab identity, especially in North Africa. She incorporates essays on how various cultures influenced the growth of Arab cities in North Africa. At the end of the book, she includes abstracts on each essay. Art historians and anthropologists would find this source insightful.
Stausberg, Michael, ed. Zoroastrian rituals in context. Leiden: Boston : Brill,
2004.
Sugar, Peter. “The Early History and the Establishment of the Ottomans in
Europe”. Southeastern Europe Under Ottoman Rule, 1354-1804. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1977.
Tabor, James D. The Jesus Dynasty: The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal
Family, and the Birth of Chrstianity. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.
Thurston, Hugh. Early Astronomy. New York: Springer, c1994.
Toorawa, Shawkat Mahmood. "Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur (d. 280/893): Merchant of
the written word". Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1998. In Dissertations & Theses: Full Text [database on-line]; available from http://www.proquest.com/ (publication number AAT 9913532; accessed November 9, 2008).
Turner, Howard R. Science in Medieval Islam, An Illustrated Introduction.
Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1995.
Watt, William Montgomery and Pierre Cachia. A History of Islamic Spain. New
York: Doubleday & Co, 1967.
Weit, Gaston. Baghdad: Metropolis of the Abbasid Caliphate. Seymour Feiler,
translator. [Unknown Publisher], 1988.
Young, M.J.L., et. al. Religion, Learning and Science in the Abbasid Period.
Cambridge [England]; New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
